Table 2

Implemented interventions and their effectiveness.

Intervention

NWE taxonomy characteristics

Outcome measure used

Significance of the outcome measures (p ≤ 0.05)

Differences relative to control group or pre-intervention

Primary nursing [23,24]

Teamwork

Social support [23]

+

I-C

Communication [23]

-

I-C

Leadership

Leadership style [24]

NS

I-C

Autonomy

Autonomy [24]

+

I-C

Job autonomy [23]

+

I-C

Workload

Complexity [24]

NS

I-C

Job demands [23]

+

I-C

Clarity

Feedback/clarity [24]

NS

I-C

Resident assignment [23]

+

I-C

Shared governance [25]

Teamwork

Co-worker support [25]

NS

I-C

Intrapersonal conflict [25]

-

I-C

Autonomy

Autonomy [25]

NS

I-C

Clarity

Role ambiguity [25]

NS

I-C

Role conflict [25]

NS

I-C

Social support training and stress inoculation training [26]

Teamwork

Peer cohesion [26]

+

I-C

Leadership

Supervisor support [26]

+

I-C

Short-term participatory intervention [27]

Teamwork

Social support [27]

+

I-C

Team style [27]

NS

I-C

Leadership

Management relations and style [27]

NS

I-C

Consideration for individuals [27]

NS

I-C

Autonomy

Decision authority [27]

NS

I-C

Autonomy & responsibility [27]

NS

I-C

Workload

Job demands [27]

+

I-C

Clarity

Guidelines on how to do the job [27]

+

I-C

Professional development opportunities

Time to develop [27]

NS

I-C

Opportunity to develop [27]

+

I-C

Nursing practice quality circle [28]

Teamwork

Peer cohesion [28]

NS

I-C

Leadership

Supervisor support [28]

NS

I-C

Control [28]

NS

I-C

Autonomy

Autonomy [28]

NS

I-C

Workload

Work pressure [28]

+

I-C

Clarity

Clarity [28]

NS

I-C

Physical comfort

Physical comfort [28]

NS

I-C

Innovation

Innovation [28]

+

I-C

Educational toolbox [29]

Teamwork

Work-climate [29]

NS

I-C

Leadership

Leadership [29]

+

I-C

Performance feedback [29]

+

I-C

Autonomy

Participation [29]

+

I-C

Clarity

Goal clarity [29]

NS

I-C

Professional development opportunities

Skills development [29]

+

I-C

Participation in decision making

Participation [29]

+

I-C

Individualized care and regular systematic clinical supervision [30]

Teamwork

Cooperation [30]

+

P-P

Autonomy

Autonomy [30]

+

P-P

Recognition

Recognition [30]

+

P-P

Professional development opportunities

Professional growth [30]

+

P-P

Supervisor positive feedback training [31]

Teamwork

Peer cohesion [31]

NS

I-C

Leadership

Supervisor support [31]

NS

I-C

Violence prevention intervention [32,33]

Workplace safety

Registration violent events [32]

-

I-C

Awareness of risk situations for violence [32]

+

I-C

Avoidance of potential dangerous situations [32]

+

I-C

Dealing with aggressive patients [32]

+

I-C

Perceived knowledge [33]

+

I-C

Self-efficacy [33]

+

I-C

Violence prevention skills [33]

+

I-C

+ intervention led to significant improvement in the outcome measure

- intervention led to significant deterioration of the outcome measure

NS No significant effect was found

I-C Results of the intervention group are compared with the results of the control group

P-P Results of the intervention group on the post measure are compared with the results of the intervention group on the pre measure.

Schalk et al. Implementation Science 2010 5:34   doi:10.1186/1748-5908-5-34