Table 1

Level of use of theory within studies (including level of theory use)

Theory

Used explicitly

Used with some conceptual basis

Total


PRECEDE

3

8

11

Diffusion of innovation

0

8

8

Information overload

1

7

8

Academic detailing

0

8

8

Social cognitive theory

0

4

4

Theory of reasoned action

1

2

3

Social influence

0

2

2

Social learning theory

0

2

2

Behaviour modification techniques

1

1

2

Continuous quality improvement

2

0

2

Field theory

0

2

2

Cybernetic theory

1

0

1

Dual task theory

0

1

1

Elaboration likelihood model

1

0

1

Four-step intervention

0

1

1

Goals, Emotions and personal capabilities theory

0

1

1

Health belief model

0

1

1

Learning styles

0

1

1

Organizational development

1

0

1

Patient care appraisal model

1

0

1

Rule-based expert system

0

1

1

Shot-gun method

0

1

1

Stages of change

0

1

1

Treatment theory

1

0

1

Vividness criterion (human inference theory)

1

0

1


Total

14

52

66


Davies et al. Implementation Science 2010 5:14   doi:10.1186/1748-5908-5-14

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